Bill H.1625

HOUSE DOCKET, NO. 3471 FILED ON: 1/16/2015

HOUSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No. 1625

By Mr. Swan of Springfield, a petition (accompanied by bill, House, No. 1625) of Benjamin Swan and others for legislation to further regulate registries of deeds. The Judiciary.

The Commonwealth of Massachusetts

_______________

In the One Hundred and Eighty-Ninth General Court
(2015-2016)

_______________

An Act to ensure reliable land title to bolster local home ownership and business creation.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:

[emergency preamble required]

SECTION 1. (a) This act may be cited as the “Reliable Land Title Act”.

(b) Where not explicitly specified, this act shall be construed liberally to apply to both registered and recorded land.

SECTION 2. For the purposes of this act, the following terms shall have the following meanings:-

“Authorized person”, a person authorized to act on behalf of another person by a written document signed by the person on whose behalf the person authorized thereby is acting.

“Deed indexing standards”, instructions to registers of deeds for indexing documents to be recorded and entered in the official record, issued by the Massachusetts registers and assistant registers of deeds association, and as revised from time to time.

“Discharge”, a duly executed and acknowledged deed of release of a mortgage or other written instrument that, by its terms, discharges or releases a mortgage or the lien thereof, or acknowledges payment or satisfaction of a mortgage or the debt or obligation secured by a mortgage or the conditions therein contained.

“Lender”, a person providing funds to a mortgagor in consideration of the mortgagor’s grant to the lender of a mortgage of real property.

“Mortgagee”, person who has invested funds or other real consideration to hold legal title to real property upon which a mortgage is recorded.

“Mortgage servicer”, a person to whom, the mortgagee causes the mortgagor to be directed to remit scheduled periodic payments and payoff monies on a mortgage loan; who allocates the payments to principal, interest, municipal real estate taxes and other appropriate assessments and charges, all pursuant to the terms of the loan; and who is required pursuant to section 54D of chapter 184, to provide a payoff statement with respect to the mortgage loan.

“Mortgage statement”, a periodic statement that a mortgage servicer sends to a mortgagor, indicating the amount of the mortgage payment then due, the loan balance, and related information.

“Mortgagor”, a grantor of a mortgage; the grantor’s heirs, successors or assigns.

“Mortgage Note”, promissory note, signed by the mortgagor, promising to pay the lender, or its successors or assigns, the amount of the note plus specified interest and charges.

“Mortgage owner”, the mortgagee as shown in the mortgage deed, or its successor(s) or assign(s).

“Person entitled to enforce the note”, (i) the holder of the note; (ii) a nonholder in possession who has the rights of the holder; or (iii) a person not in possession who is entitled to enforce the note pursuant.

“Payoff statement”, a statement in writing, including a written print-out by facsimile or other electronic transmission, issued at the request of the mortgagor or the mortgagor’s heir(s), successor(s), assign(s), or authorized person, issued on behalf by a mortgagee, mortgage servicer or person entitled to enforce a mortgage note, indicating the amount of the unpaid balance of the mortgage loan, including principal, interest and other charges assessed pursuant to the mortgage loan, which may include the interest on a per diem basis with respect to the unpaid principal balance of the mortgage.

“Recordation”, “recording” or “ recorded”, a recording with the registry of deeds in accordance with section 54 of chapter 183 or registration with the registry district of the land court in accordance with chapter 185.

SECTION 3. Chapter 12 of General Laws is hereby amended after section 33 by adding the following new section:-

Section 34. (a) At the end of each session of the general court, and whenever otherwise appropriate, the attorney general shall notify the registers of deeds of statutes and decisions of courts that may affect their responsibilities or operations.

(b) Registers of deeds may refer questions to the attorney general for legal opinions. The attorney general shall publish any such opinions.

SECTION 4. Section 12A of chapter 36 of General Laws is hereby amended by adding the following new subsections:

(b) A register of deeds shall refuse to record any document that does not bear a heading, in 12 point (pica) or larger bolded font, which indicates the type of document and briefly indicates the document's purpose or contents. A register of deeds shall rely on the heading and on the applicable deed indexing standards to index each document and enter it into the official record.

(c) A register of deeds shall refuse to record a mortgage of real property which does not identify and index by the names of the owner of the property, who grants the mortgage, and the lender.

(d) (1)A register of deeds shall refuse to record any assignment of mortgage that is presented later than 30 days after its date of execution, unless the assignment of said mortgage is accompanied by and recorded with an affidavit on personal knowledge showing good cause for filing late, or an order of a court finding that recordation after this 30 day limit is warranted in the interests of justice.

(2) All assignments of mortgage executed before the effective date of this section, but not recorded as of that date, shall be presented for recording to the appropriate registry of deeds within 90 days of the effective date of this section. A register of deeds shall not record any assignment of mortgage executed before the effective date of this act, but presented for recording more than 90 days thereafter. The division of banks promptly shall inform all persons licensed in the commonwealth to lend funds upon mortgages of this provision.

(e) A register of deeds shall refuse a discharge of a mortgage of real property submitted by a mortgage servicer if it is not: (1) accompanied by the mortgage note in its present condition with all allonges, either in hard copy or transmitted electronically, or a certified copy thereof, and marked “Paid in Full on” the applicable date; and (2) in the name of either the mortgagee as named on the mortgage, or else is the most recent assignee of that mortgage as shown by the assignments of mortgage of record in the registry, and is either the party to whom the mortgage note is payable, or the most recent endorsee of that note as shown on the most recent allonge.

(f) A register of deeds shall neither record nor publish a notice of sale pursuant to section 14 of chapter 244, unless the mortgagee shall cause to be recorded in the registry for the district in which the land lies (1) the notice to mortgagor of right to cure default of mortgage pursuant to Section 35A of chapter 244, or a certified copy thereof, and (2) the mortgage note in its present condition and with all allonges.

(g) (1) A register of deeds shall not record a foreclosure deed if it is presented for recording more than 60 days after the foreclosure, unless accompanied by and recorded with an affidavit on personal knowledge showing good cause for filing late, or an order of a court finding that such recording is warranted in the interests of justice.

(2) All foreclosure deeds relative to foreclosures occurring before the effective date of this section, but not recorded as of that date, shall be presented for recording to the appropriate registry of deeds within 90 days of this section’s effective date. A register of deeds shall not record any foreclosure deed relative to a foreclosure occurring before the effective date of this act, but presented for recording more than 90 days thereafter. The division of banks promptly shall inform all persons licensed in the commonwealth to lend funds upon mortgages of this provision.

SECTION 5. Chapter 183 of General Laws is hereby amended by inserting after section 54D the following new section:-

Section 54E. (a) Each mortgage statement shall provide the names and contact information, including an address and toll-free telephone number, for (1) the current mortgage owner, with the date as of which it became the owner; (2) the person to whom the mortgage note is payable or the authorized agent of the person entitled to enforce the note; and (3) the mortgage servicer, with the date as of which it became the servicer.

(b) If the mortgage loan has been pooled into a mortgage-backed security trust or otherwise securitized, each mortgage statement shall include the full name and any other information that identifies the trust or any other entity into which the mortgage loan was conveyed.

(c) Each mortgage statement shall identify the mortgage servicer as “the company that you pay,” or shall use other language sufficient to indicate the function(s) that a mortgage servicer performs.

(d) All information on each mortgage statement shall be accurate and current as of the date on which the statement is transmitted.

(e) Failure to comply with this section shall be an unfair or deceptive practice under section 2 of chapter 93A, and shall render a mortgage servicer to be liable to the mortgagor in the amount of $2,500 for each such violation, plus damages and reasonable attorney’s fees under subsection (4) of section 9 of said chapter 93A.

(f) The amount of $2,500 for each violation of subsection (e) annually on January 1 shall be adjusted by the Consumer Price Index as defined in section 1of the Internal Revenue Code.

SECTION 6. Section 55 of chapter 183 of General Laws is hereby amended by adding at the end thereof the following:-

(l) A mortgage servicer shall transmit to the appropriate registry of deeds, for recording with a discharge of mortgage, the mortgage note, in its present condition with all allonges. If the mortgage servicer transmits the note in hard copy, it shall, within 10 days of receiving the mortgage note from the registry thereafter, cause the note to be transmitted to the mortgagor, in its present condition with all allonges, and marked “Paid in Full on” the applicable date. If the mortgage servicer has caused a discharge of mortgage to be recorded electronically, it shall cause the mortgage note, in its present condition and with all allonges, and marked “Paid in Full on” the applicable date, to be transmitted to the mortgagor within 10 days of the electronic recording.

(m) Failure to comply with this section shall be an unfair or deceptive practice under section 2 of chapter 93A, and shall render a mortgage servicer to be liable to the mortgagor in the amount of $2,500 for each such violation, plus damages and reasonable attorney’s fees under subsection (4) of section 9 of said chapter 93A.

(n) The amount of $2,500 for each violation of subsection (m) annually on January 1 shall be adjusted by the Consumer Price Index as defined in section 1of the Internal Revenue Code.

(o) Upon discharge of a mortgage of real property, if the mortgage servicer does not cause the mortgage note to be recorded, the mortgage servicer shall within 10 days cause the note to be returned to the mortgagor, in its present condition and with all allonges, and marked “Paid in Full on” the applicable date.

(p) Failure to comply with this section shall be an unfair or deceptive practice under section 2 of chapter 93A, and shall render a mortgage servicer to be liable to the mortgagor in the amount of $2,500 for each such violation, plus damages and reasonable attorney’s fees under subsection (4) of section 9 of said chapter 93A.

(q) The amount of $2,500 for each violation of subsection (p) annually on January 1 shall be adjusted by the Consumer Price Index as defined in section 1of the Internal Revenue Code.

SECTION 7. Section 70 of chapter 185 is hereby amended in line 2, by striking the words “; but in case of foreclosure by entry and possession, the certificate of entry required by section two of chapter two hundred and forty-four shall be filed and registered by an assistant recorder in lieu of recording”; and in line 6, by striking the words “, by entry or by action, and has continued.

SECTION 8. Section 1 of chapter 244, is hereby amended in line 4 by striking “; and possession so obtained, if continued peaceably for three years from the date of recording of the memorandum or certificate as provided in section two, shall forever foreclose the right of redemption”.

SECTION 9. Section 2 of chapter 244 of General Laws is hereby repealed.

SECTION 10. Said chapter 244 is hereby further amended by inserting the following new section:

Section 2A. Any foreclosure by entry under section 2, or under section 70 of chapter 185, as to which a memorandum or certificate was recorded fewer 3 years before the effective date of this section shall be void.

SECTION 11. Section 8 of said chapter 244 is hereby amended by striking, in line 1, the words “The entry may be made or”; and by inserting, between the words “action” and “brought,” the words “may be”.

SECTION 12. Sections 9 and 10 of chapter 244 are hereby repealed.

SECTION 13. Section 15A of said Chapter 244 is hereby amended at the beginning of line 1 by inserting the following: “(a)”; and by inserting the following new subsections:-

(b) The office of the assessor or collector of taxes shall accept such a notice only if accompanied by (1) a certification, on personal knowledge and under the pains and penalties of perjury, that the mortgagee has caused all other notifications required by this section to be made, and (2) if accompanied by a fine of $100 per day for each day beyond the day by which the mortgagee was required to have made such notice to the municipality.

(c) The assessor or collector of taxes shall retain one-half of each such fine for the municipality. He or she shall promptly forward one-half of each such fine as revenue to the treasurer of the county, if the municipality is located in a county, or to the treasurer of the commonwealth, as revenue for deposit in the general fund.

(d) If a mortgagee has taken possession of a property as of the effective date of this act, but has not made the notifications required by section 15A of chapter 244, this fine shall become applicable as of 30 days after the effective date of this subsection.

(e) The division of banks promptly shall inform of this provision all persons licensed in the commonwealth to lend funds upon mortgages.

SECTION 14. Section 35C of chapter 244 of General Laws is hereby amended, in line 36, by striking the word “conclusive”.

SECTION 15. Said chapter 244 of General Laws is hereby amended by inserting after section 35C the following new section:-

Section 35D. (a) Before instituting a proceeding in land court pursuant to the service members’ civil relief act, a mortgagee shall execute and shall cause to be filed with land court an affidavit, entitled “mortgagee’s affidavit of jurisdiction and authority to foreclose,” with the title as a heading in bolded font, upon personal knowledge and under the pains and penalties for perjury under section 1 of chapter 268, averring that the party intending to foreclose is the mortgagee within the meaning of sections 34, 35A, 35B, and 35C of this chapter, that is, is both the owner of the mortgage and the person entitled to enforce the mortgage note.

(b) The affidavit required in (a) shall both list and append the documents, or certified copies of the documents, on which the mortgagee relies to establish its jurisdiction and authority to foreclose.

(c) For each certified copy of a document appended to the affidavit required in (a), the affidavit shall provide the name and contact information of the document custodian of the original document, or state that the document is of record in the registry of deeds for the district in which the land lies.

(d) Land court shall proceed with a servicemembers’ civil relief case (1) only upon the filing of a “mortgagee’s affidavit of jurisdiction and authority to foreclose” that complies with (a), and (2) only if all assignments of mortgage cited in and appended to that affidavit, whether original or certified copies, have been duly recorded in the registry of deeds for the district in which the land lies.

(f) The amount of $2,500 for each violation of subsection (e) annually on January 1 shall be adjusted by the Consumer Price Index as defined in section 1of the Internal Revenue Code.

SECTION 16. Section 35A of Chapter 266 of General Laws is hereby amended, in line 1, by inserting after the word “residential”, the words “or commercial”;

and in line 20, by inserting the following new definition:-

“Pattern of submitting fraudulent or false documents affecting or concerning title to real property,” violation of subsection (b) in connection with three (3) or more properties, some or all of which may be commercial;

and in line 50 by inserting at the end thereof the following:-

; (5) executes or causes to be executed, or files or causes to be filed with any court, or presents or causes to be presented to a registry of deeds for recording or registration, whether in hard copy or by means of electronic transmission, any document that affects or concerns title to real property, whether residential or commercial, knowing that it is fraudulent or false in any material respect, including by omission, by a false or fraudulent signature, or by a false or fraudulent notarization.

(c) Any person who engages in a pattern of violation of clause (5) shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for not more than 15 years or by a fine of not more than $50,000, in the case of a natural person, or not more than $500,000 in the case of any other person, or by both such fine and imprisonment. The statute of limitations for a violation shall be 10 years from the date of execution of the document in question, the date its presentation to a registry of deeds for recording, its date of recordation, or the date on which it was filed with any court, whichever comes last.

(d) Any person who engages in a pattern of residential mortgage fraud, or engages in a pattern of violation of clause (5) of subsection (b) of this section shall, in addition to any other punishment, be barred from doing any business in the commonwealth for a term of 3 years.

(e) The provisions of clauses (4) and (5) of subsection (b) shall be reproduced in 12-point (pica) bolded font, with a heading, “Criminal Liability for False or Fraudulent Documents,” in least 16-point (Columbian) bolded font, and shall be displayed prominently in the public area of each registry of deeds. These provisions shall also be reproduced legibly, with a legible heading in bolded font, on the website of each registry of deeds, and, as a condition of doing business in the commonwealth, on the website of any firm that offers e-recording services in the commonwealth.

(f) The attorney general shall make available to all registers of deeds, to land court, to members of the Massachusetts bar, and on the attorney general’s website, criminal referral forms for violations of section 35A, together with instructions for completing and submitting such forms to the attorney general’s office.

The attorney general may refer such cases for investigation and prosecution to the district attorney for the district in which a case arises.

The attorney general shall report to the legislature annually on (1) the number of criminal referrals received during the preceding fiscal year; the violations alleged; (2) the number and types of cases in which charges have been brought, whether by the attorney general’s office or by a district attorney; and (3) the status and dispositions of those cases, including cases of any persons barred pursuant to the provisions of subsection (d).

(g) The amounts of all fines for violations of section 35A annually on January 1 shall be adjusted by the Consumer Price Index as defined in section 1of the Internal Revenue Code.;

and in line 51, by striking “(c)” and inserting in place thereof the following: (h).

SECTION 17. This act shall take effect upon passage.

Name:	District/Address:	Date Added:
Benjamin Swan	11th Hampden	1/16/2015
Carlos Gonzalez	10th Hampden	1/29/2015
Jose F. Tosado	9th Hampden	1/26/2015
Ellen Story	3rd Hampshire	1/16/2015
Gloria L. Fox	7th Suffolk	1/23/2015
Marcos A. Devers	16th Essex	1/31/2015
Sara McKee	9 Chadwick Court Amherst, MA 01002	1/16/2015
Paul W. Mark	2nd Berkshire	8/5/2019
Tom Sannicandro	7th Middlesex	8/5/2019
John W. Scibak	2nd Hampshire	8/5/2019
Michelle M. DuBois	10th Plymouth	8/5/2019
Michael D. Brady	Second Plymouth and Bristol	8/5/2019
Sarah K. Peake	4th Barnstable	8/5/2019