SECTION 1. Chapter 94C of the General Laws, as appearing in the 2018 Official edition, is hereby amended by inserting after section 18C the following new section:-

Section 18D. In the event that a practitioner issues a prescription for an opioid contained in Schedule II of section 3, the practitioner shall also issue a prescription for an opioid antagonist if one of the following conditions is present: (i) the patient is prescribed an opioid which individually or in aggregate with other medications is more than equal to 50 morphine milligram equivalents per day; (ii) the patient is prescribed any dose of an opioid when a benzodiazepine has been prescribed in the past 30 days or will be prescribed at the visit; or (iii) the patient has a prior history of opioid use disorder or overdose or has a history of substance use disorder.  If the practitioner does not co-prescribe an opioid antagonist at the time said prescription for an opioid is issued, the practitioner shall document in the patient’s medical record why co-prescription of an opioid antagonist was not appropriate for the patient.