Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, this Act may be cited as the Agreement for Best Practices in Economic Development.

The Agreement for Best Practices in Economic Development Act is hereby enacted into law and entered into with any state or the District of Columbia which legally joins in substantially the following form:

Section 1: Membership

Any state of the United States and the District of Columbia may become a member of this compact by enacting this agreement in substantially the following form.

Section 2: Definitions

“Best practices” means the policies, procedures and laws that have been demonstrated to support the most amount of economic growth with the least amount of taxpayer investment.

“Board” means the Board for Best Practices in Economic Development that shall be established by the Member States. Non-voting membership shall also be open to any city, county, metropolitan planning organization or economic development agency under terms established by the Board.

“Company-specific grant” is any disbursement of funds via property, cash or deferred tax liability by the state government to a particular company.

“Company-specific tax incentive” is any change in the general tax rate or valuation offered or presented to a specific company that is not available to other similarly-situated companies.

“Corporate giveaway” means any company-specific or industry-specific disbursement of funds via property, cash or deferred or reduced tax liability by a state or local government to a particular company or industry.

“Located in any other Member State” means any corporate headquarters, office space, manufacturing facility or other real estate development that is physically located in another Member State, whether or not the company has other property in the Member State.

“Member State” means any state or the District of Columbia that has enacted a statute agreeing to this compact.

“Non-voting members” means any state, city, county, metropolitan planning organization or economic development agency that wishes to join the Board. Such non-voting Members may not appoint a voting member to the Board for governance purposes.

Section 3: Findings

The Member States find that:

Corporate giveaways are among the least effective uses of taxpayer dollars to create and maintain jobs;

Local and state leaders are in a prisoners’ dilemma where it is best for all to create a level playing field for all employers without any corporate giveaways, but each level of government has an incentive to subsidize a company, generating a race to the bottom;

Governments should attract and retain companies based on general conditions (including but not limited to modern infrastructure, an educated workforce, a clean environment, and a favorable tax and regulatory climate), not based on a specific grant for a particular company;

Corporate giveaways fuel business inequality as only the largest businesses receive the vast majority of these funds;

Entrepreneurs and firms have legitimate needs in determining their optimal site selection plans for growth and providing all relevant information to decision-makers is among the most important tasks for economic development officials;

Despite enormous amounts of publicly-generated data and federally-required planning reports from several different agencies, it is still too difficult for entrepreneurs and firms to access relevant, actionable information to assist them in their planning decisions;

State and local agencies tasked with economic development would benefit from a shared resource devoted to discovering and disseminating best practices to help officials implement policies and programs that benefit all firms and entrepreneurs equally rather than rely on company-specific giveaways that only benefit a few;

A Board for Best Practices in Economic Development charged with finding consensus around best practices in economic development for states and local agencies to consider implementing in a collaborative manner over time will assist state and local governments in escaping from the prisoners’ dilemma of company-specific tax expenditures and implementing a level playing field for all employers.

Section 4: National Board for Best Practices in Economic Development

A National Board for Best Practices in Economic Development is established by this Agreement. Each Chief Executive Officer of each Member State shall appoint three members to the Board. Legislators may be members.

The Board shall accept non-voting members from non-Member States and from any city, county, metropolitan planning organization or economic development agency that wishes to join the Board under the terms established by the Board.

The purpose of the Board is to publish and disseminate best practices in economic development to move away from company-specific tax expenditures and towards collaborative policies that equally assist all firms, communities and entrepreneurs. The Board shall consider establishing shared resources, including data standards, databases of public assets, workforce development programs and available properties and sites to assist entrepreneurs and firms with their site selection decision-making. The Board shall accept and publish all planning and economic development reports submitted to it by Member States and non-voting members. All products and resources of the Board shall be public and published.

The Board may accept donations, either monetary or in-kind, from any party. The Board may publish a schedule of dues for Member States and non-voting members.

The Board shall also suggest revisions to this agreement in December of every year to strengthen the Agreement for Member and non-Member states to consider that could bind Member States towards evidence-based economic development policies and avoid company-specific tax expenditures.

The Board shall convene (either remotely or in-person) at least annually, elect officers from its membership, establish rules and procedures for its governance and publish a report in December of every year that includes suggested revisions and improvements to this agreement.

The Board shall collect and publish testimony from all interested parties, including academic experts, employers, organizations and associations representing state legislators, governors, counties, cities, metropolitical planning organizations and economic development agencies and other subject matter experts on how to improve economic development and how to strengthen this agreement.

Section 5: Anti-poaching prohibition

Each Member State is prohibited from offering or providing any company-specific tax incentive or company-specific grant to any entity for a corporate headquarters, manufacturing facility, office space or other real estate development located in any other Member State as an inducement for the corporate headquarters, manufacturing facility, office space or other real estate development to relocate to the offering Member State.

Section 6: Exclusions

Workforce development grants that train employees are not subject to this agreement. Company-specific tax incentives or company-specific grants from local governments are not subject to this agreement, except the transparency requirements do apply to local governments. State company-specific tax incentives or state company-specific grants to entities for corporate headquarters, office space, manufacturing facilities or real estate developments located within its own state are not subject to this agreement.

Section 7: Transparency

All proposed and effective economic development agreements from any jurisdiction in any Member State by any unit of government shall by subject to the Member State’s Freedom of Information Act. No unit of government may enter into any economic development agreement that involves any company-specific grant or company-specific tax incentive with any company that is not public and subject to the Member State’s Freedom of Information Act.

Section 8: Data and report sharing

Each Member State shall provide to the Board electronic copies of all economic development and planning reports already generated as part of federal or state programmatic activities to assist the Board in compiling and publishing a national shared resource for economic development data.

Section 9: Withdrawal

Any Member State may withdraw from this agreement with six months notice and shall do so in writing to the chief executive officer of every other Member State to the agreement.

Section 10: Enforcement

The chief law enforcement officer of each Member State shall enforce this compact.

Section 11: Construction and severability

This compact shall be liberally construed so as to effectuate its purposes.

If any phrase, clause, sentence or provision of this compact, or the applicability of any phrase, clause, sentence or provision of this compact to any government, agency, person or circumstance is declared in a final judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction to be contrary to the constitution of the United States or is otherwise held invalid, the validity of the remainder of this compact and the applicability of the remainder of this compact to any government, agency, person or circumstance shall not be affected.

If this compact is held to be contrary to the constitution of any Member State, the compact shall remain in full force and effect as to the remaining Member States and in full force and effect as to the affected Member State as to all severable matters.