SECTION 1. (a) For the purposes of this section, the term “public transportation” shall include the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority and regional transportation authorities.

(b) There shall be a special commission on mobility pricing to investigate, study and make recommendations on the development and deployment of comprehensive and regionally-equitable public transportation pricing, roadway pricing and congestion pricing.

The commission shall consist of: the secretary of transportation, or a designee; the chief executive officer of the Greater Boston Chamber of Commerce; and 15 members to be appointed by the governor, 1 of whom shall be an expert in transportation planning and policy and who shall not be an employee of the commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof, who shall serve as chair, 1 of whom shall be an expert in tolling systems or toll authorities, 1 of whom shall be an expert in transportation financing, 1 of whom shall be an expert in traffic congestion and congestion pricing, 1 of whom shall be an expert in climate change and environmental policy; 1 of whom shall be a representative of Transportation for Massachusetts, 1 of whom shall be a representative of the Massachusetts Taxpayers Foundation, Inc., 1 of whom shall be members of the Massachusetts Municipal Association, 1 of whom shall be a representative of the Metropolitan Area Planning Council, 1 of whom shall be a representative of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority advisory board, 1 of whom shall be a representative from the Massachusetts Association of Regional Transit Authorities, Inc., 1 of whom shall be a representative from A Better City, Inc., 1 of whom shall be a representative of the 495/MetroWest Corridor Partnership, Inc. and 2 of whom shall be employed by organizations that represent low-income communities that have been historically underserved by transit and acutely adversely affected by the public health impacts of traffic congestion; provided, however, that the members representing low-income communities shall not be from the same organization.

(c) For roadway and congestion pricing, the commission shall: (i) identify and analyze physical, technological, legal and other issues or requirements related to roadway pricing in the commonwealth; (ii) propose detailed specifications and regionally-equitable locations for toll gantries and other equipment necessary to assess and collect tolls; (iii) advise the Massachusetts Department of Transportation on roadway pricing scenarios under the federal Value Pricing Pilot Program; (iv) provide estimates of annual operation and maintenance costs; (v) provide estimates of annual revenue with consideration of declining motor vehicle fuel excise revenue due to vehicle electrification; (vi) provide traffic forecasts, including forecasts of traffic diversion impacts; (vii) provide a regional and social equity analysis with specific recommendations related to mitigating adverse impacts for low income residents; (viii) provide potential impacts on vehicular emissions reduction; (ix) identify all local, state and federal approvals necessary to deploy new tolls and other roadway pricing mechanisms on relevant roadways; and (x) take into consideration roadway and congestion pricing programs in other jurisdictions throughout the United States and the world.

(d) For public transportation pricing, the commission shall: (i) study commute and demand patterns for public transit entities; (ii) study economic development and housing patterns and projections and the impact each has on public transit demand; (iii) review the commonwealth’s laws regarding emissions reductions within the transportation sector; (iv) determine fare structures including but not limited to low income fares, flat rate fares, and fare capping; (v) determine service levels for all modes of transit of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority and regional transit authorities that account for commute patterns and demand, economic development and housing patterns and emissions reduction requirements; (vi) provide estimates of annual operation and maintenance costs; (vii) provide estimates of annual revenue; (viii) provide ridership forecasts; (ix) provide a regional and social equity analysis with specific recommendations related to mitigating adverse impacts; (x) provide potential impacts on vehicular emissions reduction; (xi) identify all local, state and federal approvals necessary to deploy new fare structures at regional transit authorities and the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority; and (xii) take into consideration public transportation pricing programs in other jurisdictions throughout the United States and the world.

(e) The commission may also: (i) propose any other revenue sources and strategies that may be needed to meet the commonwealth’s 2050 emissions mandates; and (ii) provide year-to-year direct measurements and estimates of annual operation and maintenance costs; and (iii) propose methods of distributing methods of raised revenue that are in line with the program’s goals.

(f) The commission may investigate, study and make recommendations on additional mobility methods as necessary.

(g) Not later than July 1, 2025, the commission shall file a report of its findings and recommendations, including legislative recommendations and not more than 5 scenarios for mobility pricing plans, with the clerks of the senate and house of representatives, the senate and house committees on ways and means and the joint committee on transportation. The report shall include, but not be limited to, an analysis of mitigation measures to address social equity issues, including, but not limited to, social equity issues for communities underserved by the current transportation system.