Chapter 156D: BUSINESS CORPORATIONS
- Section 1.01 Short Title
- Section 1.02 Reservation of power to amend or repeal
- Section 1.20 Filing requirements
- Section 1.21 Forms
- Section 1.22 Filing, service and copying fees
- Section 1.23 Effective time and date of document
- Section 1.24 Correcting filed document
- Section 1.25 Filing duty of secretary of state
- Section 1.26 Appeal from secretary of state's refusal to file document
- Section 1.27 Evidentiary effect of copy of filed document
- Section 1.28 Certificates regarding corporations
- Section 1.29 Penalty for signing false document
- Section 1.30 Powers
- Section 1.40 Chapter definitions
- Section 1.41 Notice
- Section 1.42 Number of shareholders
- Section 1.50 Interpretation of chapter
- Section 2.01 Incorporators
- Section 2.02 Articles of organization
- Section 2.03 Incorporation
- Section 2.04 Liability for pre-incorporation transactions
- Section 2.05 Organization of corporation
- Section 2.06 Bylaws
- Section 2.07 Emergency bylaws
- Section 3.01 Purposes
- Section 3.02 General powers
- Section 3.03 Emergency powers
- Section 3.04 Ultra vires
- Section 4.01 Corporate name
- Section 4.02 Reserved name
- Section 5.01 Registered office and registered agent
- Section 5.02 Change of registered office or registered agent
- Section 5.03 Resignation of registered agent
- Section 5.04 Service on corporation
- Section 6.01 Authorized shares
- Section 6.02 Determination of terms of class or series
- Section 6.03 Issued and outstanding shares
- Section 6.04 Fractional shares
- Section 6.20 Subscription for shares before incorporation
- Section 6.21 Issuance of shares
- Section 6.22 Liability of shareholders
- Section 6.23 Share dividends
- Section 6.24 Share options
- Section 6.25 Form and content of certificates
- Section 6.26 Shares without certificates
- Section 6.27 Restriction on transfer of shares and other securities
- Section 6.30 Shareholders' preemptive rights
- Section 6.31 Corporation's acquisition of its own shares
- Section 6.40 Distributions to shareholders
- Section 6.41 Liability for improper distributions
- Section 7.01 Annual meeting
- Section 7.02 Special meeting
- Section 7.03 Court-ordered meeting
- Section 7.04 Action without meeting
- Section 7.05 Notice of meeting
- Section 7.06 Waiver of notice
- Section 7.07 Record date
- Section 7.08 Meetings by remote communications; remote participation in meetings
- Section 7.20 Shareholders list for meeting
- Section 7.21 Voting entitlement of shares
- Section 7.22 Proxies
- Section 7.23 Shares held by nominees
- Section 7.24 Corporation's acceptance of votes
- Section 7.25 Quorum and voting requirements for voting groups
- Section 7.26 Action by single and multiple voting groups
- Section 7.27 Greater or lesser quorum or voting requirements for shareholders
- Section 7.28 Voting for directors; cumulative voting
- Section 7.29 Form of shareholder action
- Section 7.30 Voting trusts
- Section 7.31 Voting agreements
- Section 7.32 Shareholder agreements
- Section 7.40 Subdivision definitions
- Section 7.41 Standing
- Section 7.42 Demand
- Section 7.43 Stay of proceedings
- Section 7.44 Dismissal
- Section 7.45 Discontinuance or settlement
- Section 7.46 Payment of expenses
- Section 7.47 Applicability to foreign corporations
- Section 8.01 Requirement for and duties of board of directors
- Section 8.02 Qualifications of directors
- Section 8.03 Number and election of directors
- Section 8.04 Election of directors by certain classes of shareholders
- Section 8.05 Terms of directors generally
- Section 8.06 Staggered terms for directors
- Section 8.07 Resignation of directors
- Section 8.08 Removal of directors
- Section 8.09 [There is no 156D:8.09.]
- Section 8.10 Vacancy on board
- Section 8.11 Compensation of directors
- Section 8.20 Meetings
- Section 8.21 Action without meeting
- Section 8.22 Notice of meeting
- Section 8.23 Waiver of notice
- Section 8.24 Quorum and voting
- Section 8.25 Committees
- Section 8.30 General standards for directors
- Section 8.31 Director conflict of interest
- Section 8.32 Loans to directors
- Section 8.40 Required officers
- Section 8.41 Duties of officers
- Section 8.42 Standards of conduct for officers
- Section 8.43 Resignation and removal of officers
- Section 8.44 Contract rights of officers
- Section 8.45 Certificate of change in officers or directors
- Section 8.46 Instruments affecting real estate
- Section 8.50 Subdivision definitions
- Section 8.51 Permissible indemnification
- Section 8.52 Mandatory indemnification
- Section 8.53 Advance for expenses
- Section 8.54 Court-ordered indemnification and advance for expenses
- Section 8.55 Determination and authorization of indemnification
- Section 8.56 Officers
- Section 8.57 Insurance
- Section 8.58 Variation by corporate action; application of subchapter
- Section 8.59 Exclusivity of subdivision
- Section 9.20 Domestication
- Section 9.21 Action on a plan of domestication
- Section 9.22 Articles of domestication
- Section 9.23 Surrender of charter upon domestication
- Section 9.24 Effect of domestication
- Section 9.25 Abandonment of a domestication
- Section 9.30 Nonprofit conversion
- Section 9.31 Action on a plan of nonprofit conversion
- Section 9.32 Articles of nonprofit conversion
- Section 9.33 Surrender of charter upon foreign nonprofit conversion
- Section 9.34 Effect of nonprofit conversion
- Section 9.35 Abandonment of a nonprofit conversion
- Section 9.40 Foreign nonprofit domestication and conversion
- Section 9.41 Articles of domestication and conversion
- Section 9.42 Effect of foreign nonprofit domestication and conversion
- Section 9.43 Abandonment of a foreign nonprofit domestication and conversion
- Section 9.50 Entity conversion authorized; definitions
- Section 9.51 Plan of entity conversion
- Section 9.52 Action on a plan of entity conversion
- Section 9.53 Articles of entity conversion
- Section 9.54 Surrender of charter upon conversion
- Section 9.55 Effect of entity conversion
- Section 9.56 Abandonment of an entity conversion
- Section 10.01 Authority to amend
- Section 10.02 Amendment before issuance of shares
- Section 10.03 Amendment by board of directors and shareholders; exception
- Section 10.04 Voting on amendments by voting groups
- Section 10.05 Amendment by board of directors
- Section 10.06 Articles of amendment
- Section 10.07 Restated articles of organization
- Section 10.08 Effect of amendment
- Section 10.20 Amendment by board of directors or shareholders
- Section 10.21 Bylaw dealing with quorum or voting requirements for shareholders
- Section 10.22 Bylaw dealing with quorum or voting requirements for board of directors
- Section 11.01 Definitions
- Section 11.02 Merger
- Section 11.03 Share exchange
- Section 11.04 Action on a plan of merger or share exchange
- Section 11.05 Merger between parent and subsidiary or between subsidiaries
- Section 11.06 Articles of merger or share exchange
- Section 11.07 Effect of merger or share exchange
- Section 11.08 Abandonment of a merger or share exchange
- Section 12.01 Sale of assets in regular course of business and mortgage of assets
- Section 12.02 Sale of assets other than in regular course of business
- Section 13.01 Definitions
- Section 13.02 Right to appraisal
- Section 13.03 Assertion of rights by nominees and beneficial owners
- Section 13.20 Notice of appraisal rights
- Section 13.21 Notice of intent to demand payment
- Section 13.22 Appraisal notice and form
- Section 13.23 Perfection of rights; right to withdraw
- Section 13.24 Payment
- Section 13.25 After-acquired shares
- Section 13.26 Procedure if shareholder dissatisfied with payment or offer
- Section 13.30 Court action
- Section 13.31 Court costs and counsel fees
- Section 14.01 Dissolution by incorporators or initial directors
- Section 14.02 Dissolution by board of directors and shareholders, or otherwise in accordance with articles of organization
- Section 14.03 Articles of dissolution
- Section 14.04 Revocation of dissolution
- Section 14.05 Effect of dissolution
- Section 14.06 Known non-contingent claims against dissolved corporation
- Section 14.07 Unknown claims against dissolved corporation
- Section 14.08 Creation of reserves as adequate provision for unasserted product liability claims and known contingent claims against dissolved corporation
- Section 14.09 Enforcement of claims against dissolved corporation
- Section 14.20 Grounds for administrative dissolution
- Section 14.21 Procedure for and effect of administrative dissolution
- Section 14.22 Reinstatement following administrative dissolution
- Section 14.23 Appeal from denial of reinstatement
- Section 14.30 Grounds for judicial dissolution
- Section 14.31 Procedure for judicial dissolution
- Section 14.32 Receivership or custodianship
- Section 14.33 Decree of dissolution
- Section 14.34 Reorganization under a statute of the United States; effectuation
- Section 14.40 Deposit with treasurer of the commonwealth
- Section 15.01 Authority to transact business required
- Section 15.02 Consequences of transacting business without authority
- Section 15.03 Delivering certificate by foreign corporation
- Section 15.04 Amended certificate
- Section 15.05 Effect of filing of certificate
- Section 15.06 Corporate name of foreign corporation
- Section 15.07 Registered office and registered agent of foreign corporation
- Section 15.08 Change of registered office or registered agent of foreign corporation
- Section 15.09 Resignation of registered agent of foreign corporation
- Section 15.10 Liability to be sued; service on foreign corporation
- Section 15.11 False reports or statements
- Section 15.20 Withdrawal of foreign corporation
- Section 15.21 Automatic withdrawal upon certain conversions
- Section 15.22 Withdrawal upon conversion to a nonfiling entity
- Section 15.23 Transfer of authority
- Section 15.30 Grounds for revocation
- Section 15.31 Procedure for and effect of revocation
- Section 15.32 Appeal from revocation
- Section 16.01 Corporate records
- Section 16.02 Inspection of records by shareholders
- Section 16.03 Scope of inspection right
- Section 16.04 Court-ordered inspection
- Section 16.05 Inspection of records by directors
- Section 16.06 Exception to notice requirement; consequences of inability to deliver notice
- Section 16.20 Financial statement for shareholders
- Section 16.21 By-law amendments
- Section 16.22 Annual report for secretary of state
- Section 17.01 Application to existing domestic corporations
- Section 17.02 Application to qualified foreign corporations
- Section 17.03 Saving provisions
- Section 17.04 Severability